Global marketing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Global marketing - Research Paper Example & Carl (2010) the skimming pricing strategy is most effective in market conditions where the customers are more than willing to pay above average market price for goods and services. They also note that this strategy is effective for copyrighted, patented or trademarked products and innovative technological breakthrough. Apple has effectively employed the skimming strategy by introducing innovative technological products at a relatively high price (Smith, 2011). Penetration pricing strategy involves charging a lower price for a product relative to competitors’ price level, with the main objective serving the mass market and increasing the firm’s market share (Smith, 2011). The rationale for charging low price is that it would increase market share and economies of scale thus significantly lowering the overall production costs. In contrast to the skimming pricing strategy, charging lower prices implies that the firm relies on higher sales volume to attain break-even because of the low profits per unit of production (Tellis, 1986). Similarly, firms tend to take a longer period to recover the production costs using penetration strategy as compared to the skimming strategy. In addition, penetration pricing differs from skimming pricing because it tends to discourage entry of competitors in the market. Lamb, Joseph & Carl (2010) argue that penetration pricing strategy is more viable and effective in price sensitive market condition s. Smith (2011) observes that the penetration pricing strategy has been effectively implemented by Wal-Mart retail stores and android in order to capture the mass market and increase their market share. Holding pricing is a pricing decision that seeks to retain and maintain the market share (Smith, 2011). Currency fluctuations in the global business context may encourage firms to initiate price variations and adjustments in order to hold or maintain their market share. These price adjustments may affect the firm’s profitability, at

Critical Review of Two Articles with the Concept of Interpellation Essa

When creating the title for their book, which is dedicated to Stuart Hall, perhaps Paul Gilroy, Lawrence Grossberg and Angela McRobbie did not know that they not only found an exact citation to summarise all the works of this influencing cultural theorists, but also proposed the best phrase to describe Cultural Studies, that is "without guarantee". Indeed, Cultural Studies devotes itself to questioning knowledge "guaranteed" to be true in society and more important, to continuously raising debates as its fundamental method to avoid any "guaranteed" answer. As a central concept of Cultural Studies, "interpellation" precisely reflects those features. First proposed by Louis Althusser in his essay "Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses (Notes Towards an Investigation)" (1971), "interpellation" was defined as a process through which concrete individuals are addressed by ideology and then are produced as subjects. Since Althusser referred to churches, schools, family, communications , to name only a few, as a set of institutions practicing this function of ideology, he challenged social norms which seem to "naturally" come to us from those familiar environments. Although the concept has opened a new epoch in the research of identity, it has still subjected to several critical discussions for further developments. Through their selected works below, Mladen Dolar and John Law contributes to those debates two points of view on the ways in which interpellation is operated within our society and within each individual. The essay "Beyond Interpellation" (1993) of Mladen Dolar is largely based on his obsession of "a clean cut which can be followed on different levels" (p.75) existing in Althusserian theory. Dolar (1993) recognises this ... ... 6(2), pp.75-96. Foucault, M., 1972. The Archeology of Knowledge. New York: Pantheon. Hall, S., 1981. "The Whites of Their Eyes: Racist Ideologies and the Media". In G. Bridges and R. Brunt, eds. 1987, Silver Linings, London: Lawrence & Wishart. Larrain, J., 1991. Stuart Hall and the Marxist Concept of Ideology. In D., Morley & K. Chen, eds. 2007, Stuart Hall - Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies, USA & Canada: Routledge. Law, J., 2000. 'On the Subject of the Object: Narrative, Technology, and Interpellation". Configurations, 8(1), pp. 1-29. Pà ªcheux, M., 1975, Les và ©rità ©s de La Palice, Paris: Maspero. Sawyer, Keith R., 2002. "A Discourse on Discourse: An Archaeological History of an Intellectual Concept". Cultural Studies, 16 (3), pp. 433–456. Weedon, C., 2004. Identity and Culture: Narratives of Difference and Belonging. Maidenhead: Open University Press.

Is Music a Good Tool for Health

In the article â€Å"Is Music a Good Tool for Health† by Elizabeth Scott, M. S. , she states that music has a powerful energy and affects our body and mind. And music therapy is a benefit to patients. I agree with the author’s opinion. Research shows that our body will be affected when we are listening to music. Our breathing and heart rate will slow down. This means music can help us reduce stress and depression. After we calm down, we can begin to solve the problem. When I have a trouble, I always lose my head and I have no idea how to deal with it. Then I sit down, and listening to music. After I calm down, I can think about the problem and figure out the way to solve it. Music therapy is a growing field of health care. Many hospitals have already begun to use music to help patients. According to the article, â€Å"Hospitals are beginning to use music therapy to help with pain management, depression, to promote movement, to calm patients, to ease muscle tension, and other benefits. † As we can see, music is not only for relaxed, but also health. Many people like to listen to music when they are nerves and depression. Most people will feel better after they listen to music. Some people will ask how music can affect our body and mind. There is other research that shows brainwaves can be synchronized by music with a strong beat. Different speed beats have different effects in our brain. According to the article, â€Å"Faster beats bring sharper concentration and more alert thinking. Slower beats promote a calm, meditative state. † I think this is the reason why music can affect our body and we feel better after we listen to music. Music is a benefit to us, and music therapy will be growing in popularity. Is Music a Good Tool for Health In the article â€Å"Is Music a Good Tool for Health† by Elizabeth Scott, M. S. , she states that music has a powerful energy and affects our body and mind. And music therapy is a benefit to patients. I agree with the author’s opinion. Research shows that our body will be affected when we are listening to music. Our breathing and heart rate will slow down. This means music can help us reduce stress and depression. After we calm down, we can begin to solve the problem. When I have a trouble, I always lose my head and I have no idea how to deal with it. Then I sit down, and listening to music. After I calm down, I can think about the problem and figure out the way to solve it. Music therapy is a growing field of health care. Many hospitals have already begun to use music to help patients. According to the article, â€Å"Hospitals are beginning to use music therapy to help with pain management, depression, to promote movement, to calm patients, to ease muscle tension, and other benefits. † As we can see, music is not only for relaxed, but also health. Many people like to listen to music when they are nerves and depression. Most people will feel better after they listen to music. Some people will ask how music can affect our body and mind. There is other research that shows brainwaves can be synchronized by music with a strong beat. Different speed beats have different effects in our brain. According to the article, â€Å"Faster beats bring sharper concentration and more alert thinking. Slower beats promote a calm, meditative state. † I think this is the reason why music can affect our body and we feel better after we listen to music. Music is a benefit to us, and music therapy will be growing in popularity.

Who Is the Egyptian God Ptah